The author proposes complete subordination of the planet to the will, to the consciousness of the world government. There are biological, physical laws, but they can fall due to the presence of a strong alpha thought. There should be no war, epidemics, social inequality, only awareness that suits everyone, a place under the sun for everyone. Sterile objects are everywhere, a special ideal world is spread, which translates the desires of people, the thoughts of a person. The opposition is not persecuted, unnecessary persons are expelled from the country in the usual way to live with like-minded people. Aspirations are not encouraged, but indicated.
What is Brave New World about?
The conflict in the work is shown, consisting in a special confrontation between old and new principles. Something more is considered, for example, “the goal of justifying the spent funds aimed at the implementation of the act.” The hero of Mustafa Monda says that it is necessary to sacrifice the existing freedom, characteristics of individuality, moral qualities. For the sake of eternal happiness, live differently. The savage is of the opinion that a fictitious position of stability can lead to absolutism. Each character is driven by their own ideals, worldviews, educational processes that are relevant in society.
The development of the dispute leads to the transformation of ordinary thought into a universal human catastrophe. The savage will not accept a simple false ideology for ordinary salvation. The world is built on the fundamental principles and measures of upbringing, love of freedom, observance of high moral ideals. Mustafa can sacrifice by any means, showing conquest of the world.
The semantic content of the book “Brave New World”
Building a brave new world is based on a strong state in the world. The year 632 is standing in the yard, referring to the era of stability, the era of Ford, the deity, the inspirer and the ideological master. The creator of the world’s largest automobile company, Mr. Ford, has replaced the true God, now they pray to progress, not to icons. The religious level is completely forgotten. Rituals are held for enrichment and gaining fame and profit. At the everyday level, people are also making a breakthrough.
Technocracy has taken over the world, there are some reservations to save people, shelter from problems. These are nature reserves with different climatic conditions. Much is being done to achieve economic stability. There is Huxley’s dystopia, which is that in his world, biological discoveries, for example, the Bokanovsky method, allow programming at the genetic level. Fertilized eggs are now specially grown in incubators, where they are stored. Various techniques are used to make the dream of progress come true.
Qualitative analysis of the book “Brave New World”
The result of the changes is a new caste society, where groups prepare for new events every day, participating in events to conquer the universe. The characters experience a serious load throughout the work.
Название «О дивный новый мир» произносится Джон, как цитата. Рассматривается жанровая природа романа, заключающаяся в устранении многочисленных сомнений по поводу определения в мире. Утопичные взгляды являются некой сказкой, повествующей о прекрасном будущем, которого стараются достичь герои. Антиутопия – сценарий грядущего, по возможности, которого стараются избежать всеми силами. Утопия является идеалом, который просто не воплотить в жизни. Встает вопрос о реализации явления для решения задач существования.
Utopian aspects are present. It is noted that the path of natural programming of people, the perception of the mentality of consumption, the caste structure of society, along with stability, are predicted by the author Huxley, who solves topical human problems based on the idealization of culture and objects that penetrate into all spheres of society.
The history of the creation of the book “Brave New World”
The terrible prophecies of Aldous Huxley took place, they do not surprise the heroes. The disgusting, vile, unnatural penetrates into people’s lives. Unlikely things are unrealistic in the first half of the 20th century. In the 21st century, progress is growing. Life realities are changing, you need to take a closer look at the events. People are on the verge of change, making forecasts from a hundred years ago is irrelevant. It is necessary to check, evaluate independently the author of the essence of being and truth. Popular authors are being read, including the creator of Brave New World, Aldous Huxley.
What genre: utopia or dystopia?
The genre nature of the novel leaves no doubt about its certainty. If utopia is a fairy tale about a happy future that one would like to achieve, then dystopia is a scenario of the future that one would like to avoid. Utopia is an ideal, it is impossible to realize it, so the question of its implementation is from the category of rhetorical ones. But writers want to warn humanity about its opposite extreme, point out the danger and prevent it from going beyond the book pages. Of course, Brave New World is a dystopia in its totality.
But there are also utopian aspects in this novel. Many people note that the natural programming of people, the mentality of consumption and caste are the foundations of stability, which is so lacking in the modern world. In fact, Huxley solved all the burning problems of mankind by completely subordinating the planet to the will and consciousness of the world government. Even biological and physical laws fell on their faces before the mighty thought of alphas. Isn’t this the ultimate dream? There is no war, no epidemics, no social inequality (no one realizes it, everyone is satisfied with the place they occupy), everything is sterile, provided, thought out. Even the opposition is not persecuted, but simply expelled from the country and lives with like-minded people. Isn’t that what we all strive for? So figure it out, did the author depict a utopia?
But in a beautiful fairy tale, reality clearly emerges: morality, culture, art, institutions of family and marriage, as well as the very essence of choice, are sacrificed to order, because human life is predetermined and programmed from the very beginning. In ebsilon, for example, the ability to break into alpha is taken away at the genetic level. This means that all our ideas about freedom, justice, love are destroyed for the benefit of comfort. Is it worth it?
Description of castes
The standardization of people is the main condition for harmony in the era of Ford and one of the main themes in the novel. “Community, Identity, Stability” is the slogan in the name of which everything that is in the human soul has been destroyed. Everything around is subject to expediency, material and rough calculation. Everyone “belongs to everyone” and lives for today, rejecting history.
- Alphas are people of the first class, they are engaged in mental work. Alpha-plus-men occupy leadership positions (Mustafa Mond is his fordeystvo), alpha-minus-men are lower ranks (commandant on the reservation). They have the best physical parameters, as well as other opportunities and privileges.
- Betas are females who are mates for alphas. There are pluses and minuses of beta: smarter and dumber, respectively. They are beautiful, always young and slim, smart enough to perform the duties of the job.
- Gammas , deltas , and finally epsilons are the working classes. Deltas and gammas are service personnel, agricultural workers, and epsilons are the lower strata of the population, mentally retarded performers of routine mechanical work.
First, the embryos stay in strictly defined conditions, then they “hatch” from glass bottles – “open”. Individuals, of course, are brought up differently. Each of them is brought up respect for the higher caste and contempt for the lower castes. Even their clothes are different. The difference is in color: alphas are in gray, epsilons are in black, deltas are in khaki, etc.
The main characters of the novel
- Bernard Marks . His name is a combination of the names of Bernard Shaw (a writer welcoming socialism and communism in the USSR) and Karl Marx (ideologist of socialism). The writer sneered at the Soviet regime, which he considered the prototype of his fictitious state, therefore he assigned to his hero the names of such people significant for the ideology of the USSR. The image of Bernard , like socialism, at first looked pleasant, conquered with its opposition to evil for the glory of good, but by the end of the novel he revealed his ins and outs.
Alphas of a higher order sometimes get out of order, because they are overdeveloped. So was the psychologist Bernard Marx, the protagonist of Brave New World. He is skeptical about the entire progressive world order. His friend, teacher Helmholtz, is also in opposition. Bernard had a negative perception of reality because he was “splashed with alcohol in a blood substitute.” He is 8 cm smaller than the other alphas and uglier than them. He feels his own inferiority and criticizes the world at least for the fact that he cannot enjoy all the benefits that are due to him. Girls ignore him, bad temper and “weirdness” scare his friends away from him. The authorities also have a negative attitude towards the employee, feeling a catch in him, but Bernard works well, so he manages to keep his job and even use his official position, in order to somehow attract women. If in the first part the hero plays a rather positive role, then by the end his vile and cowardly essence is exposed: he betrays his friends for the sake of vanity and the dubious benefits of his world, which he so animatedly denied. - John (Savage)– the second main character in the novel “Brave New World!”. His personality was formed under the influence of a volume of Shakespeare, which he found on the reservation. Linda taught him to read, and from the Indians he adopted the habits, philosophy of life and craving for work. He was glad to leave, as the “white-skinned” son of a “prostitute bitch” (Linda “shared” with everyone) was not accepted in the tribe. But, as soon as he arrived in the New World, his disappointment knew no bounds. Lenina, whom he fell in love with, could be invited to his place for the night by any man. Bernard went from being a friend to being a miserable greedy man: he used John to make society love and accept him. Linda, in the oblivion of soma (this is a synthetic drug that is given to all members of society as a cure for feelings and sadness), did not even recognize him and, in the end, died. John rebels against the New World by staging a riot: he threw out the catfish, calling on a flock of deltas to freedom, and they beat him in response. He settled alone near London in an abandoned airport. Knocking out vice from the body, the Savage tortured himself with an impromptu whip, prayed all night and worked hard. However, he was relentlessly pursued by reporters and curious Londoners, constantly intruding into his life. Once a whole crowd of onlookers arrived, and among them was Lenina. The hero, in a fit of despair and anger at her lust, beat the girl to the delight of the distraught spectators. The next day the savage hanged himself. Thus, the finale of the novel is a sentence to that suffocating progressive world where everyone belongs to everyone, and stability outweighs the very essence of human existence. Knocking out vice from the body, the Savage tortured himself with an impromptu whip, prayed all night and worked hard. However, he was relentlessly pursued by reporters and curious Londoners, constantly intruding into his life. Once a whole crowd of onlookers arrived, and among them was Lenina. The hero, in a fit of despair and anger at her lust, beat the girl to the delight of the distraught spectators. The next day the savage hanged himself. Thus, the finale of the novel is a sentence to that suffocating progressive world where everyone belongs to everyone, and stability outweighs the very essence of human existence. Knocking out vice from the body, the Savage tortured himself with an impromptu whip, prayed all night and worked hard. However, he was relentlessly pursued by reporters and curious Londoners, constantly intruding into his life. Once a whole crowd of onlookers arrived, and among them was Lenina. The hero, in a fit of despair and anger at her lust, beat the girl to the delight of the distraught spectators. The next day the savage hanged himself. Thus, the finale of the novel is a sentence to that suffocating progressive world where everyone belongs to everyone, and stability outweighs the very essence of human existence. The hero, in a fit of despair and anger at her lust, beat the girl to the delight of the distraught spectators. The next day the savage hanged himself. Thus, the finale of the novel is a sentence to that suffocating progressive world where everyone belongs to everyone, and stability outweighs the very essence of human existence. The hero, in a fit of despair and anger at her lust, beat the girl to the delight of the distraught spectators. The next day the savage hanged himself. Thus, the finale of the novel is a sentence to that suffocating progressive world where everyone belongs to everyone, and stability outweighs the very essence of human existence.
- Helmholtz Watson – His initials are derived from the names of the German physicist Helmholtz and the founder of behaviorism Watson. From these real-life people, the character inherited a consistent and firm desire for new knowledge. For example, he is sincerely interested in Shakespeare, understands the imperfection of the new art and tries to overcome this wretchedness in himself, mastering the experience of his ancestors. Before us is a true friend and a strong personality. He worked as a teacher and was friends with Bernard, sympathizing with his views. Unlike his friend, he really had the courage to resist the regime to the end. The hero sincerely wants to learn sincere feelings and acquire moral values by joining art. He realizes the squalor of life in a wonderful world and goes to the island of dissenters after participating in John’s protest action.
- Lenina Crown– her name is derived from the pseudonym of Vladimir Lenin. Probably, the author wanted to show the vicious essence of the heroine with this name, as if hinting at Ulyanov’s ability to please both ours and yours, because many researchers still consider him a German spy who organized a coup in Russia for a tidy sum. So, the girl is just as immoral, but she was so programmed: among them it was even considered indecent not to change a sexual partner for a long time. The whole essence of the heroine is that she always does what is considered the norm. She does not try to get out of the rut, even a sincere feeling for John cannot dissuade her of the correctness and infallibility of the social system. Lenina betrays him, it costs her nothing. But the worst thing is that she does not realize her betrayal. Frivolity, primitive and vulgar tastes, stupidity and inner emptiness – all this refers to her characterization from the first page to the last. By this, the author emphasizes that she is not a person, the dialectic of the soul is unusual for her.
- Mustafa Mond– His name belongs to the founder of Turkey, who recreated the country after World War I (Kemal Mustafa Atatürk). He was a reformer, he changed a lot in the traditional Eastern mentality, in particular, he began the policy of secularism. Thanks to his activities, the country got back on its feet, although the order under him was not soft. The hero’s surname belongs to the British financier, founder of Imperial Chemical Industries, Alfred Mond. He was a noble and wealthy man, and his views were marked by radicalism and categorical rejection of the labor movement. Democratic values and ideas of equality were alien to him, he actively opposed making any concessions to the demands of the proletariat. The author emphasized that the hero is contradictory: on the one hand, he is a shrewd, intelligent and constructive leader, and on the other, he is an opponent of any freedom, a staunch supporter of the caste social order. However, in the world of Huxley it merges harmoniously.
- Morgana Rothschild – her name belongs to the American banking tycoon John Pierpont Morgan, philanthropist and talented entrepreneur. However, he also has a dark spot in his biography: during the civil war, he traded in weapons and made a fortune out of bloodshed. Apparently, this hurt the author, a convinced humanist. The surname of the heroine came from the banking dynasty of the Rothschilds. Their successful enrichment is legendary, and rumors of secret conspiracies and conspiracy theories hover around their family. The genus is large, it has many branches, so it is impossible to say exactly who the writer was thinking about. But, probably, all the rich got it just because they are rich, and their very luxury is unfair, while others barely make ends meet.
Issues
The stability of the New World is described in the Supreme Controller’s line:
Everyone is happy. Everyone gets what they want, and no one ever wants what they can’t get. They are provided, they are safe; they never get sick; they are not afraid of death; they are not annoyed by fathers and mothers; they do not have wives, children and lovers who can deliver strong feelings. We adapt them, and after that they cannot behave differently than the way they should.
The main problem is that artificial equality, which turns out to be biological totalitarianism, and the caste structure of society cannot satisfy thinking people. Therefore, some alphas (Bernard, Helmholtz) are unable to adapt to life, they feel not unity, but loneliness, alienation from others. But without conscious members of society, a brave new world is not possible, it is they who are responsible for the programming and well-being of all the rest, deprived of reason, free will and individuality. Such people either perceive the service as hard labor (like Mustafa Mond), or depart for the islands in a state of painful disagreement with society.
If everyone can think and feel deeply, stability will collapse. If people are deprived of these rights, they turn into disgusting, dumb-headed clones that can only consume and produce. That is, there will be no society in the usual sense, it will be replaced by functional castes, artificially bred, like new varieties of potatoes. Therefore, solving the problems of social organization by genetic programming and the destruction of all its main institutions is the same as destroying society as such in order to solve its problems. It is as if a person beheaded himself because of a pain in his head …
The meaning of the title of the book “Brave New World”
The conflict in the dystopian Brave New World is not only a dispute between the old and the new worldview. This is a confrontation between two answers to the eternal question “does a good end justify any means?”. Mustafa Mond (the embodiment of the ideologist of the New World) believes that for the sake of happiness, you can sacrifice freedom, art, individuality and faith. The savage, on the other hand, wants to give up saving stability for the sake of all this, he believes that it is not worth it.
Both of them are programmed by education, so the conflict turns into a collision. The savage will not accept the “white lie”, on the basis of which the “brave new world” is built, he was brought up by the highly moral ideals of Shakespeare’s time, and Mustafa consciously chooses stability, he knows the history of mankind and is disappointed in it, therefore he believes that there is nothing to stand on ceremony, and all means are good to achieve this very “good.” This is the meaning of the work.
Huxley should be pleased. Many note that this particular writer was right when he came up with “sense” (a movie without meaning, but fully reproducing the feelings of the characters), “soma” (a drug equivalent to today’s weed, LSD, which even a child can buy), “sharing” ( analogue of free love, sex without obligations), etc. Not only the forms coincide (helicopters, electro-magnetic golf, artificial analogues of food), which can still be attributed to the technical progress of civilization, but also the essential characteristics: our reality has absorbed the spirit and letter of the “brave new world”. Firstly, people of all ages are obsessed with sex, not love: they get younger, expose their naked bodies in a net, wear revealing outfits in order to be not beautiful, no, sexy.
Married women, married men, young children, their grandparents, young couples in front of a fat plastic heart on Valentine’s Day – all bargaining for themselves, stripping and grimacing for the illusory approval of followers. They dump their ins and outs for everyone to see, publishing candid photos, details from their personal lives, addresses, phone numbers, place of work, etc. Secondly, gay leisure is now a drunken gathering, like an act of togetherness in Huxley: men and women take soma, see hallucinations and feel closeness in the euphoria of drug bliss. Common interests or beliefs are abolished, people simply have nothing to talk about, which means that there is no basis for unity, except for soma, alcohol or other stimulants of joy. You can list for a long time, but modern man himself understands what’s what. naked and grimacing for the illusory approval of the followers.
They dump their ins and outs for everyone to see, publishing candid photos, details from their personal lives, addresses, phone numbers, place of work, etc. Secondly, gay leisure is now a drunken gathering, like an act of togetherness in Huxley: men and women take soma, see hallucinations and feel closeness in the euphoria of drug bliss. Common interests or beliefs are abolished, people simply have nothing to talk about, which means that there is no basis for unity, except for soma, alcohol or other stimulants of joy. You can list for a long time, but modern man himself understands what’s what. naked and grimacing for the illusory approval of the followers.
They dump their ins and outs for everyone to see, publishing candid photos, details from their personal lives, addresses, phone numbers, place of work, etc. Secondly, gay leisure is now a drunken gathering, like an act of togetherness in Huxley: men and women take soma, see hallucinations and feel closeness in the euphoria of drug bliss. Common interests or beliefs are abolished, people simply have nothing to talk about, which means that there is no basis for unity, except for soma, alcohol or other stimulants of joy. You can list for a long time, but modern man himself understands what’s what. place of work, etc. Secondly, gay leisure is now a drunken gathering, like an act of togetherness in Huxley: men and women take soma, see hallucinations and feel closeness in the euphoria of drug bliss. Common interests or beliefs are abolished, people simply have nothing to talk about, which means that there is no basis for unity, except for soma, alcohol or other stimulants of joy. You can list for a long time, but modern man himself understands what’s what. place of work, etc.
Secondly, gay leisure is now a drunken gathering, like an act of togetherness in Huxley: men and women take soma, see hallucinations and feel closeness in the euphoria of drug bliss. Common interests or beliefs are abolished, people simply have nothing to talk about, which means that there is no basis for unity, except for soma, alcohol or other stimulants of joy. You can list for a long time, but modern man himself understands what’s what.
Problems of the book “Brave New World”
The problem of the book “Brave New World” is the equality of all people, artificially created, and they also talk about the biological form of totalitarianism, the process of social division into castes. Like a surrogate world appears as a result of the process. There is a real satisfaction of the interests and needs of thinking people, people with reason. Some alpha heroes cannot always adapt to the given world, conditions and shell, which entails some consequences. Strange feelings are felt, aimed at understanding one’s own loneliness and alienation from society.
Dissenters will not be able to tolerate such a way of life because of the need to be sent to remote islands in order to survive until the end of days. These speeches were delivered by Mond, considering the degree of individuality of persons, the principles of the development of society along a special line. Unsuitability for habitation in a public circle has led to research into the essence of events.
The book “Brave New World” tells about the phenomena and development of society along a certain line. The emergence of a new world is to suppress bad emotional feelings, increase the growth of stability, constancy. All people living on Earth have the right to think and live for real, to feel independently, to express emotions, to receive energy. A stable situation can also have a devastating effect on the world, which will quickly sink into continuous chaos. Social customary principles influence understanding, which entails the disappearance of the rules of decency, and contributes to the emergence of artificial, false castes. Social problems are in solving issues and choosing the paths of the human universe, which are associated with genetic programming. Prohibiting measures apply to scientific principles, the process of free thought, directions,
What Brave New World teaches
The depressing ending of the work makes one feel an absolute hopelessness, but people who have reason, free and independent, cannot survive in this society. This minority is left without a chance, in existence in the brave new world continues. By various methods, the destruction and abandonment of society occurs, but the desire to live in it does not arise. Without love, family, freedom cannot be lived.
Explanation of the ending of Brave New World
The mistakes of the Savage, John, lie in placing great hopes on the new world, subsequently the hero will be completely disappointed in the girl with whom he is truly in love. In the public, domestic way, he does not want to change anything, but is under a strong influence, impressed by the events. The savage leaves the world, returning to a free, unprejudiced nature. He wants to forget about love, begins to pray, to fight the manifestation of sinful desires. He develops a vomiting syndrome, even some injuries follow. John is in the space of the camera lens, which is a real sensation. His camp salutes helicopters, one of which is a lover.
When meeting with her, the Savage cannot restrain his feelings. He insults her, beats her with a whip. Does not want to forgive actions. The inability to love also forces him to take action. There is a crowd around, they are drugged. There is no awareness. A massive animal orgy becomes a hotbed and shelter for many creatures. John joins the company, succumbs to his own temptations. Then passes, he feeling of depression remains. Feeling guilty for what he did, feeling the collapse of hopes, he decides to commit suicide. At the end of the novel, the reader sees before him a society that is not like the initial description.
I hope I’ve helped you find the meaning of Brave New World and also make sense of its ending. If you have a different vision of the book – write your own version in the comments.
